Social Justice Article

The American criminal justice system contains numerous safeguards to prevent the conviction of innocent persons. The Bill of Rights provides nineteen separate rights for the alleged criminal offender, including the right to effective legal representation and the right to be judged without regard to race or creed. Despite these safeguards, wrongful convictions persist, and the issue has reverberated in the national debate over capital punishment. The essays in this volume are written from a cross-disciplinary perspective by some of the most eminent lawyers, criminologists, and social scientists in the field today. The articles are divided into four sections: the causes of wrongful convictions, the social characteristics of the wrongly convicted, case studies and personal histories, and suggestions for changes in the criminal justice system to prevent wrongful convictions. Contributors examine a broad range of issues, including the fallibility of eyewitness testimony, particularly in cross-racial identifications; the disadvantages faced by racial and ethnic minorities in the criminal justice system; and the impact of new technologies, especially DNA evidence, in freeing the innocent and bringing the guilty to justice. The book also asks such questions as: What legal characteristics do wrongful convictions share? What are the mechanisms that defendants and their attorneys use to overturn wrongful convictions? The book also provides case studies that offer specific examples of what can and does go wrong in the criminal justice system. The contributors argue that the most important single characteristic among wrongful conviction cases is the chronic denial by politicians and prosecutorsof the existence of a problem and their failure to act decisively when evidence of a possible wrongful conviction comes to light.

Whenever a homily about justice and charity is preached, whenever a union leader or politician inspired by papal pronouncements about just wages stands up to help poorly paid workers, whenever a diocesan newspaper publishes an article advocating creative ways to battle injustices of any sort--these are the ways Catholic social teachings are realized in the everyday world. "Catholic social teaching" is usually applied to approximately a dozen documents from Vatican sources--popes, councils, and synods of bishops. These "social" documents deal primarily with issues of life in modern society, including economic and political realities facing all people. A more expansive understanding of "Catholic social teaching" would extend the conventional definition of the phrase in three ways: first, to consider how Church leaders and theologians addressed social realities in eras prior to the advent of modern social teaching; second, to include developments on the local level, including statements by individual bishops in their dioceses and regional groupings of bishops such as national episcopal conferences; third, to include various types of "applied Catholic social teaching." In American Catholic Social Teaching, a CD-ROM and book, Massaro and Shannon focus on the second definition listed above--efforts at the local level--and address the role of the laity and the concrete application of social teachings on the part of the laity. The documents and resources in American Catholic Social Teaching present the core of the social teaching of the American Catholic Church. Volume I: The Documents, is a CD-ROM containing twenty-three documents of social teaching from bishops of the Catholic Church in theUnited States written between 1829 and 1999. Volume II: Analysis of the Tradition, is a book containing twenty essays on the same social issues addressed by the bishops' statements in Volume I.

Ministers for Racial, Social and Economic Justice - The Ministers for Racial, Social and Economic Justice are an association of Christian ministers that actively pursues political resolution of Racial, Social and Economic Justice issues. Many of the ministers are associated with the United Church of Christ.

Social justice - Social Justice is a concept that has fascinated philosophers ever since Plato rebuked the young Sophist, Thrasymachus, for asserting that justice was whatever the strongest decided it would be. In The Republic, Plato formalized the argument that an ideal state would rest on four virtues: wisdom, courage, moderation, and justice.

Labour and Social Justice Party - Labour and Social Justice - The Electoral Alternative (de: Arbeit und soziale Gerechtigkeit – Die Wahlalternative or WASG) is a German political party founded in 2005 by activists disenchanted with the Social Democratic-Green government. It currently (as of October 2005) has 11,000 members, and ran for the first time in the 2005 state election of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany's most populous state and a stronghold of the SPD, with pastor Jürgen Klute as its front-runner.

The Social Justice Party - The The Social Justice Party is a democratic and progressive political party in Egypt. It calls for equal rights and duties for all citizens, boosting principle of loyalty to homeland and achieving justice for all citizens.

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